In these days I’m working on a deal where we are proposing Compellent Storage Center in competition against IBM XIV.
The customer is a fast growing company, Italian leader in its market and the IT department is facing with big strategic projects, one of them is the new SAN infrastructure.
The customer is very disappointed about the old generation SAN (two IBM DS4x00) in place and he has done a brief hardware selection excluding immediately names like HDS and EMC because they are seen as old generation storage vendors!
Only two proposal are on his table now: Compellent Storage Center and IBM XIV…. what a match!
Customers prerequisites for the new SAN are performance, scalability, ease of management, TCO and TCA. (sounds a little bit banal, but it’s true).
Here you are a coarse recap of my thoughts:
A brief introduction on quite different architecture:
Compellent
Compellent is company that makes a product called Storage Center: a next generation storage.
Storage Center is an array of disks based on standard hardware, the difference between Compellent and the rest of the world is called DBA (Dynamic Block Architecure): DBA permits to store some metadata for each data block allowing a full virtualization of the storage.
The most important software feature is called Data Progression (Automated Tiered Storage): the capability to write data on the fastest portion of the speediest disks in RAID 10 and then migrate the data using statistics like number of accesses and block age, in less valuable portions and types of disks at different RAID levels. This feature, coupled with many others, permit to achieve great performance and space utilization rates and lower costs.
You can choose a mix of up to 18 FC/SAS/ethernet ports on each controller (2 controllers per system) and a maximum of 1008 disks per systems (different types and sizes of disks -SAS/SATA/FC/SSD- are supported).
The Storage Center software runs on any hardware generation, this means that you can can upgrade software features without buying new hardware or viceversa. This architecture is very flexible and permits to choose the best mix to match your needs. Storage Center is at its third hardware generation and fifth software revision.
XIV
XIV company was acquired a couple of years ago from IBM. It was founded by a great name of the storage industry: Moshe Yanai (EMC Symmetrix inventor). The XIV is a next generation storage based on standard hardware and uses SATA disk drives to store data.
The architecture is very simple, only RAID-X (RAID 10 derived) widestriped SATA disks, gigabit ethernet backend, each tray of 12 disks (max 15 trays) has processing power and 8GB of local cache. The system is proposed from a minimum of 6 trays (72 disks) to a full rack of 15 trays (180 disk). no further scalability in the single system, if you need more IOPS or TBs you need to buy a whole new system. XIV architecture permits limited configurability: 6 to 15 trays (first step is 6 to 9 trays, then 1 full tray increments are permitted), same type of disk (you cannot mix different sizes of disks. If you buy today 1TB disks you will be forced to buy 1TB tomorrow!).
The Front End connectivity is based on the number of trays installed (each tray adds computational power, cache, and IO ports).
There are a lot of doubts on this architecture/product by analysts, bloggers and customers but IBM is working very hard to convince them about quality, real world performance and availability. XIV is at its second generation but many people are waiting for a third generation soon. try to search about “XIV storage” on google, 🙂
Performance: 1-0 for Compellent.
Speaking about XIV performance is very hard:
math says that 180 SATA disks (a full XIV composed by 15 trays) may bring to you, more or less, only 14.400 IOPS for a 100% random workload. IBMers tell you that the huge cache (120GB) makes the difference but I’m not very convinced and some –unofficial- benchmarks that you can find on the internet confirms my point.
Furthermore the backend architecture of XIV is based on 1Gb/sec ethernet and SATA may be a problem.
Another problem is the fact that you have a fixed IOPS/TB for the whole system (180 IOPS/TB with 1TB disks and 90 IOPS/TB with 2TB disks for a DB workload), so, you have two options here: use the system in a “performance configuration”, without allocating a lot of space or use the system in a “space-savvy configuration”, all space allocable but with low performances;
Compellent thinks different due to Data Progression. You can configure the storage with different tiers of disks (SSD/FC/SAS) to achieve the desired IOPS then you add tier 3 (big SATA disks) to achieve your space requirements. The major advantage of this approach is the freedom of choice but I can add automatic tuning and a performance guarantee on top.
Scalabiliy: 2-0 for Compellent.
The two competitors have a software capable to manage many systems from a single point of view (16 for XIV, something like unlimited for Compellent).
IBM thinks XIV scalability in terms of adding more racks! (1 system == 1 rack) Compellent thinks about scalability adding disks on the same rack up to the maximum possible in terms of space/iops. The XIV’s way is to buy a whole new system every 80 (now 160) TB of space or about 14/15K iops!
The Compellent’s way is to buy only disks and backend/frontend ports up to the limit of the single system (in theory up to 1008 disks per system) and then scale out using Enterprise Manager as a single-pane management interface.
Ease of management: 3-0 for Compellent.
XIV has a good management software that helps storage administrator to manage its “bricks” with an attractive GUI but nothing special from my point of view.
Compellent has a feature rich management software called Enterprise Manager tightly integrated with its Replay manager (snapshots management software that simplify a fast recovery from some application data such as, for example, Microsoft exchange or SQL Server) . EM even has some additional modules like chargeback reporting.
Also there’s a very powerful (not to mention completely free) Powershell based script suite and a multiplatform Java one that can be used to completely automate the storage functions, including Volume creation/snapshots/migration, Server creation and Lun Mapping and so on.
TCO:4-0 for Compellent
The primary goal of any IT Manager is to lower TCO, but customers and vendors have different metrics to calculate TCO!
So I will only show some facts, please verify them in your TCO model/metrics:
- Compellent has a low power consumption if compared to XIV: to obtain 79TB usable space you need only three trays instead of fifteen!!! (less power)
- Compellent can bring more IOps: a bunch of active SSDs equate the IOps of a XIV! (less costs)
- Compellent has much better and mature replica features (sync, async, snapshot delivery, deduplication, Qos, portable volumes, FC volumes replicable via iSCSI, 1:N and N:1 replication). XIV have only sync/async replica. (less costs for DR)
- Compellent has Replay Manager to manage consistent snapshot for a lot of application environments, I haven’t found nothing similar in XIV documentation. (less time to spend in scripting and more secure)
- Compellent is working hard with Microsoft/Citrix/VMware and many others, there are a lot of free tools/plugins/libs to work better on these environments (less time to provision and mange complex environments)
- Compellent has a chargeback feature integrated in its management system. (more control and help for budgeting)
- Compellent has the ability to mix and match all the types of disks, interfaces and protocols on a single system (more freedom of choice and granted upgrades)
- Compellent has a fully integrated NAS head (a new unified storage), XIV needs a N-series (NetApp) NAS to achieve this result. (you need to learn to manage NetApp.. more training costs)
- Compellent has a better support: each systems calls home every day and send a lot of informations about usage, configurations, statistics. The support contract is 7×24 with immediate response from a skilled engineer! Engineers can connect directly into the systems to investigate, solve problems, manage upgrades. IBM support, normally, is delivered via a call center to open the ticket and then you will be called back by some first level technician… (better support means less problems and FASTER RESOLUTION TIMES!)
TCA: 5-0 or 4-1 ?
Finally the Price.
Well, Compellent has competitive prices but I know that IBM slashes them down to unpredictable lows when in competition with other vendors. They are big and they can go down to avoid to lose customers. It’s a well known tactic but how much will it cost a future upgrade?
Conclusion
I know, I’m biased but I firmly believe in what I wrote in this post and I’m here to discuss your point of view.
If you are a XIV customer or an IBM employee/partner let me know your point of view, comments are welcomed.